Surface & texture · Print artefacts
Halftone & Ben-Day dots
Dot screens made visible.
A design choice in Stylogeny’s vocabulary, under surface & texture: what is the material finish?
- styles make it
- 46
- as a defining choice
- 6
- as a usual one
- 12
- now and then
- 28
- avoid it
- 16
Styles defined by it 6
For these styles it is one of the choices that make the style.
American Four-Colour Comic Book (Golden to Bronze Age)The American newsstand comic book from Famous Funnies (1934) and Action Comics #1 (1938) through the Golden, Silver and Bronze Ages, and past the Bronze Age's end in 1985 until computer colour replaced hand separations in the early 1990s.
Story Manga (Postwar Japanese Comics)The black-and-white narrative comic of postwar Japan, from Tezuka Osamu's Shin Takarajima (1947) to the weekly boys' magazines of 1959 and 1968 and the paperbacks that collect them.
Pop Art GraphicsPop turned the commercial imagery of post-war consumer culture (comics, packaging, celebrity photographs and advertising) into both its subject and its method.
Shōjo Manga (Japanese Girls' Comics)The look of Japan's girls' comics (strictly a readership, not a style), which Takahashi Macoto fixed in 1958 from the lyrical illustration (jojōga) of Nakahara Jun'ichi and the Year 24 Group remade in the 1970s.
- Black Panther Party GraphicsThe visual language of the Black Panther Party, created largely by its Minister of Culture, Emory Douglas, for the weekly newspaper The Black Panther.
Pop Achorado (Peruvian Agrarian Reform Posters)Posters for the Peruvian military government's agrarian reform, made in Lima from 1969 by Jesús Ruiz Durand and colleagues at the state's reform publicity office.
Styles that often use it 12
A characteristic choice: usual in these styles, though not essential.
- Estridentismo (Stridentist) GraphicsMexico's first avant-garde (1921-27), launched when Manuel Maples Arce pasted his manifesto Actual No. 1 on Mexico City walls.
- Onitsha Market PamphletsCheap, stapled pamphlets of romance, advice, drama and political biography, written by students, clerks, journalists and traders and printed by jobbing letterpress shops around Onitsha Main Market in eastern Nigeria from the late 1940s.
Drum Magazine & Sophiatown PhotojournalismThe picture magazine of Black urban Africa in the 1950s.
Vicente Rojo & Mexican Editorial ModernismThe design of Mexico City's literary and cultural press, shaped from the 1950s by the Barcelona-born exile Vicente Rojo: México en la Cultura, the Revista de la Universidad, Plural, La Jornada and the covers of Ediciones Era.
Situationist Détournement GraphicsGraphics of the Letterist and Situationist Internationals (1956–1972), built on détournement: taking existing words and pictures (comic strips, advertisements, news photographs, city maps, classic texts) and turning them against their source.
- Swiss Punk / New Wave TypographyA rebellion from inside the Swiss school: Wolfgang Weingart and his Basel students kept the grotesque and the grid but set them in motion with extreme letterspacing, stepped and angled lines, rules and bars, enlarged halftone screens and layered film montage.
Australian Poster Collective ScreenprintsScreenprinted posters from the political poster collectives and community workshops that spread across Australia from Sydney's Tin Sheds, where Earthworks began in 1971.
- Punk & DIY ZineThe graphic voice of punk rock in fanzines, record sleeves and gig flyers: images and words cut from newspapers, typed or scrawled, pasted down and run off on a photocopier.
Screenprinted Gig & Alt-Movie PosterHand-pulled, numbered screenprints that revived the rock poster in Austin from 1991, led by Frank Kozik, and spread via Flatstock fairs and, from 2004, Mondo to 'alternative' film posters, for collectors as much as the show.
Hauntology & Ghost Box DesignSleeves and print that rebuild a misremembered British past from the public graphics of roughly 1958–1978.
Risograph & Indie Print CultureA contemporary culture of zines, art books, posters and prints made on Japanese Risograph stencil duplicators, whose soy-based spot inks (fluorescent pink, yellow, blue, teal) are laid down one drum at a time.
Syrian Revolution Graphics (Kafranbel Banners & Poster Collectives)Protest graphics of the Syrian uprising from 2011, made to be photographed and shared online rather than to last on a wall.
Styles that use it now and then 28
An occasional choice in these styles.
- Indian Calendar & Bazaar Art1878–present
- Kanga (Swahili Message Cloth)1886–present
- Vorticism & BLAST Typography1914–1920
- Dada1916–1924
- Russian Constructivism1917–1934
- Bauhaus1919–1933
- Czech Poetist Book Design (Devětsil)1922–1938
- Mavo1923–1925
- American Mid-Century Modernism1940–1970
- Fotoromanzo (Italian Photo-Romance)1947–present
- Polish Poster School1950–1990
- Arab Children's Comic Magazines (Samir to Majid)1956–present
- Cuban Revolutionary Poster (OSPAAAL & ICAIC)1960–1990
- Di Tella Graphic Design (Instituto Torcuato Di Tella)1960–1970
- Fluxus Graphics (Maciunas)1962–1978
- Angura Theatre Poster1965–1985
- Chicano Screenprint Poster1965–present
- Munich 1972 Olympic Design (Otl Aicher)1966–1972
- Grapus (French Militant Graphic Collective)1970–1990
- Afrobeat Sleeve Art1974–present
- Lebanese Civil War Party Poster1975–1990
- Stencil Street Art1978–present
- Cranbrook & Deconstructivist Typography1980–1998
- Emigre & Early Digital Type1984–1998
- Out-of-Square Hangul Typography1985–present
- ACT UP & Gran Fury AIDS Activist Graphics1987–1995
- Black Metal Graphics1990–present
- Lucerne Poster Scene (Neubad & Südpol Posters)2007–present
It often goes with
Choices that the styles making it make more often than the atlas as a whole.
- Treated photographyin 27 of 46
- Collage & layeringin 29 of 46
- Photomontagein 25 of 46
- Extreme scale contrastin 33 of 46
- Rebellious & subversivein 27 of 46
- Eclectic mixingin 23 of 46
Styles that avoid it
Styles that deliberately leave it out.
- Arts & Crafts Movement1860–1920
- German Book Art Movement (Buchkunstbewegung)1895–1933
- Filipino Komiks1929–1999
- Ligne Claire (Franco-Belgian Clear Line)1929–present
- Argentine Adventure Historieta (Oesterheld–Breccia)1948–1996
- Bonelli Fumetto (Italian Popular Adventure Comics)1948–present
- Finnish Bold Print (Marimekko Modernism)1951–present
- Woodland School (Legend Painting)1962–present
- Atelier Populaire (May '68 Screenprint Poster)1968
- Hipgnosis Photographic Concept Sleeve1968–1983
- Western Desert Iconography1971–present
- Métal hurlant Science-Fiction Comics (Mœbius, Druillet & Les Humanoïdes Associés)1974–1987
- City Pop Illustration1979–present
- L'Association and French Alternative Comics1990–present
- Superflat1993–present
- Korean Webtoon Graphics2002–present