Medium & production · Print industry
Screen printing
Flat stencil-printed inks, often opaque or fluorescent.
A design choice in Stylogeny’s vocabulary, under medium & production: what technology shaped it?
- styles make it
- 60
- as a defining choice
- 16
- as a usual one
- 23
- now and then
- 21
- avoid it
- 0
Styles defined by it 16
For these styles it is one of the choices that make the style.
WPA Silkscreen PostersPosters made by the Federal Art Project of the Works Progress Administration to promote health campaigns, education, theatre, travel and the national parks during the Depression.
Puerto Rican Silkscreen Poster (DIVEDCO & ICP)The hand-pulled silkscreen poster of Puerto Rico, begun by Irene Delano's workshop in 1946–47 and grown in the government's Division of Community Education (DIVEDCO, 1949) and the Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña's print workshop under Lorenzo Homar (1957–73).
Finnish Bold Print (Marimekko Modernism)The printed-cotton modernism of Marimekko, founded in Helsinki in 1951 by Armi and Viljo Ratia out of Viljo's printing firm Printex.
Zagreb Modernist Graphics (EXAT 51 to Teatar &TD)Zagreb graphic design grown from the EXAT 51 manifesto (1951), which tied abstract art to visual communication.
Pop Art GraphicsPop turned the commercial imagery of post-war consumer culture (comics, packaging, celebrity photographs and advertising) into both its subject and its method.
Cuban Revolutionary Poster (OSPAAAL & ICAIC)The poster culture of revolutionary Cuba, produced for the film institute ICAIC and the solidarity organisation OSPAAAL.
Angura Theatre PosterThe posters of Japan's underground (angura) theatre from the mid-1960s to the mid-1980s, made for troupes such as Kara Jūrō's Jōkyō Gekijō and Terayama Shūji's Tenjō Sajiki.
Chicano Screenprint PosterThe screenprinted poster of the Chicano Movement and its heirs, made from the mid-1960s in community workshops across California and the Southwest for farmworker strikes and boycotts, teatro, dances, anti-war marches and immigrant rights.
AfriCOBRAThe Black Arts Movement collective founded in Chicago in 1968 by Jeff Donaldson, Wadsworth and Jae Jarrell, Barbara Jones-Hogu and Gerald Williams, after OBAC's Wall of Respect mural.
- Atelier Populaire (May '68 Screenprint Poster)The posters of the Atelier populaire, set up when students, teachers and artists occupied the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris on 14 May 1968, until police cleared the school on 27 June.
Gráfica del 68 (Mexican Student Movement Graphics)The graphics of the 1968 Mexican student movement, made in days by brigades in the print workshops of San Carlos and La Esmeralda and in improvised school workshops.
Australian Poster Collective ScreenprintsScreenprinted posters from the political poster collectives and community workshops that spread across Australia from Sydney's Tin Sheds, where Earthworks began in 1971.
South African Resistance PosterThe posters of the struggle against apartheid, from the exiled Medu Art Ensemble in Gaborone to the community workshops that served the United Democratic Front and the unions in the 1980s.
- Chicha PosterFluorescent screen-printed street posters that emerged in the 1980s to promote chicha (Andean cumbia) concerts in Lima, made by printers from Andean migrant communities.
Screenprinted Gig & Alt-Movie PosterHand-pulled, numbered screenprints that revived the rock poster in Austin from 1991, led by Frank Kozik, and spread via Flatstock fairs and, from 2004, Mondo to 'alternative' film posters, for collectors as much as the show.
Hype Streetwear Graphics (Box Logo to Quotation Marks)The logo-led graphics of streetwear since the 1990s: one wordmark or emblem on a plain T-shirt, hoodie or object is the product.
Styles that often use it 23
A characteristic choice: usual in these styles, though not essential.
- Northwest Coast Formline DesignThe two-dimensional design system of the northern Northwest Coast nations, painted, carved and woven onto boxes, house fronts, robes and hats, and printed as serigraphs since the 1960s.
- African Wax & Fancy PrintIndustrially printed cotton made for West and Central African markets, first by Dutch and British mills that imitated Javanese batik with resin resist, and later by African mills.
Kanga (Swahili Message Cloth)Printed cotton wraps worn by women of the Swahili coast and its hinterland since the late nineteenth century, bought in pairs.
Japanese Postwar ModernismBuilding on the New Typography that Hiromu Hara and the Nippon Kobo circle had absorbed in the 1930s, Japan's postwar graphic designers fused the grid, sans-serif and objective photography of European modernism with indigenous traditions of family crests (kamon), asymmetry and charged emptiness (ma).
West German Conceptual Film & Culture Poster (Hillmann and Rambow)The art-film and culture poster Hans Hillmann developed from 1953 for the West German distributors Neue Filmkunst and Atlas Film, which his Kassel student Gunter Rambow took with Gerhard Lienemeyer into staged photo posters for theatre, publishers and protest.
Op Art GraphicsA 1960s style that turned perceptual research into graphic effect: precisely drawn lines, checks, concentric rings and modular grids, usually black and white or complementaries of equal value, that seem to vibrate, swell or move.
Woodland School (Legend Painting)A school of painting from northwestern Ontario, made public when Norval Morrisseau showed at Toronto's Pollock Gallery in 1962 and carried on by Ojibwe, Odawa, Oji-Cree and Cree artists such as Daphne Odjig and Carl Ray.
Baybayin Revival GraphicsThe revival of baybayin, the precolonial Tagalog abugida, as a mark of Filipino identity.
- Palestinian Resistance PosterThe poster culture of the Palestinian national movement after 1965, issued by the PLO and its factions from Beirut and other Arab capitals for refugee camps, homes and solidarity audiences abroad.
Munich 1972 Olympic Design (Otl Aicher)The visual programme Otl Aicher's department made for the 1972 Munich Olympics, the 'cheerful Games' meant to show a democratic, modest West Germany.
Chilean Unidad Popular & Nueva Canción GraphicsThe graphics of the Nueva Canción Chilena and Allende's Unidad Popular, 1967–1973.
- Grapus (French Militant Graphic Collective)The posters and identities of Grapus, a Paris collective founded in 1970 by Communist Party members who had met in the 1968 poster workshops.
Stencil Street ArtPictures cut rather than drawn: a photograph is reduced to two or three flat tones, cut into card and sprayed onto a wall, usually uninvited, so one hard-edged figure appears in the street, in black with at most one accent colour.
NSK Retro-Avant-GardeThe retro-avant-garde of Neue Slowenische Kunst, founded in Ljubljana in 1984 by Laibach, IRWIN and the Scipion Nasice Sisters Theatre, with Novi kolektivizem as its design department.
Solidarność & Polish Underground GraphicsThe graphic language of Poland's Solidarność movement, from the August 1980 shipyard strike to the semi-free election of 4 June 1989.
- Pardhan Gond Painting (Jangarh Kalam)Painting on paper and canvas by Pardhan Gond artists of Patangarh and Bhopal, begun when Bharat Bhavan, Bhopal, recruited Jangarh Singh Shyam in 1981; the style was later named Jangarh Kalam after him.
- Bitterkomix (Afrikaans Underground Comics)The Afrikaans underground comics magazine founded in Stellenbosch in 1992 by Anton Kannemeyer (Joe Dog) and Conrad Botes (Konradski), with Mark Kannemeyer (Lorcan White).
- Indian Pop-Kitsch Design (Desi Kitsch)Urban Indian gift and T-shirt design from the late 1990s into the 2010s that recasts the street and bazaar as ironic, affectionate icons: truck tails and 'Horn OK Please', auto-rickshaws, Ambassadors and Chetaks, cutting chai, old Bollywood stills and dialogues, Bhagat Singh in place of Che.
- Seoul Independent Graphic Design (Small-Studio Scene)Graphic design by Seoul's small, self-run studios, which from about 2005 chose to stay small.
- Oaxacan Protest Printmaking & Street Graphics (ASARO)The street graphics of Oaxaca City since the 2006 teachers' strike and APPO uprising, when ASARO, the stencil collective Lapiztola and later workshops such as Colectivo Subterráneos made the colonial centre's walls a newspaper.
Latin American Feminist Protest Graphics (Ni Una Menos and the Green Wave)The graphics of Latin America's feminist tide, a mass movement since Ni Una Menos (Buenos Aires, 3 June 2015) and the 2018 'marea verde' for legal abortion, though its scarf dates from 2003.
Extinction Rebellion GraphicsThe visual identity of Extinction Rebellion, the climate movement founded in Stroud in 2018, built by its volunteer Art Group as a free kit anyone may print.
Chilean Estallido Social Graphics (Revuelta Popular of 2019–20)The street graphics of Chile's popular revolt, from 18 October 2019 to the March 2020 lockdowns, when a leaderless movement covered Santiago's Plaza de la Dignidad, the Alameda and other cities' walls.
Styles that use it now and then 21
An occasional choice in these styles.
- Sápmi Graphic Identity (Duodji & Gákti Colour Code)1600–present
- Bògòlanfini Mud Cloth1900–present
- Senegalese Sufi Devotional Imagery (Souwère Glass Painting and Amadou Bamba Portraits)1900–present
- Vietnamese Propaganda Poster (Tranh cổ động)1945–present
- Hurufiyya Calligraphic Modernism1949–present
- Fluxus Graphics (Maciunas)1962–1978
- Psychedelic Poster1965–1973
- Ultras Graphics (Curva Banners and Tifo)1968–present
- Warli Painting1970–present
- Punk & DIY Zine1976–1986
- La Movida Madrileña Graphics1977–1988
- City Pop Illustration1979–present
- ACT UP & Gran Fury AIDS Activist Graphics1987–1995
- Black Metal Graphics1990–present
- Superflat1993–present
- Cartonera Books (Latin American Cardboard Publishing)2003–present
- Arab Independent Comics (Samandal, TokTok, Lab619, Skefkef)2007–present
- Lucerne Poster Scene (Neubad & Südpol Posters)2007–present
- Risograph & Indie Print Culture2008–present
- Acid Graphics / New Ugly2016–present
- Palestinian Watermelon and Keffiyeh Graphics2021–present
It often goes with
Choices that the styles making it make more often than the atlas as a whole.
- Rebellious & subversivein 37 of 60
- Ironic & self-awarein 29 of 60
- Treated photographyin 26 of 60
- Communal & popularin 45 of 60
- Agitational & persuasivein 31 of 60
- Found & vernacular imageryin 24 of 60