Ornament · Motif
Geometric tessellation
Interlaced stars, tilings, strapwork.
A design choice in Stylogeny’s vocabulary, under ornament: how much decoration, and of what kind?
- styles make it
- 52
- as a defining choice
- 6
- as a usual one
- 21
- now and then
- 25
- avoid it
- 3
Styles defined by it 6
For these styles it is one of the choices that make the style.
Islamic Geometric & Calligraphic TraditionA visual system shared across the Islamic world in which proportioned calligraphy, compass-and-straightedge geometry and the vegetal arabesque carry meaning and beauty in place of figurative imagery.
- Hebrew MicrographyA Jewish scribal art in which lines of minute Hebrew script, usually the Masoretic notes that guard the biblical text, are written so that the line itself draws: interlaced frames and star rosettes on full carpet pages, and animals, knights, fish and grotesques in the margins.
Celtic Revival Illumination & LetteringOrnament and lettering of the Celtic Revival in Ireland, Scotland and the Isle of Man, modelled on Insular gospel books such as Kells and on carved stone crosses.
Vienna SecessionThe Viennese break with academic art led by Gustav Klimt, Koloman Moser, Josef Hoffmann and Alfred Roller, which pulled Art Nouveau toward the square, the grid and the flat plane.
Soviet Central Asian Ornamental ModernismThe monumental art of Soviet Central Asia after the 1966 Tashkent earthquake: a strand of Socialist Realism mixed with Islamic and national ornament.
Neo-Andean Architecture (Cholets)The facades and party halls of El Alto, Bolivia, begun by the Aymara builder-architect Freddy Mamani in 2005 for a new Aymara merchant class.
Styles that often use it 21
A characteristic choice: usual in these styles, though not essential.
- Ethiopian Ge'ez Manuscript & Haräg IlluminationThe manuscript art of the Ethiopian and Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church, written in the Ge'ez syllabary on parchment from the Garima Gospels (radiocarbon-dated to roughly the 4th–7th centuries) to the present.
Andean Woven Graphic SystemsThe graphic systems of Andean cloth, the region's most prestigious medium, in which every motif is built on the warp-and-weft grid.
Armenian Manuscript IlluminationThe illuminated books of the Armenian Church, from the Gospel of Queen Mlke (c. 862) and the Etchmiadzin Gospels (989) to the last manuscripts around 1800.
- Square Kufic (Bannāʾī)Square Kufic builds Arabic script on a square grid: straight lines and right angles only, with every stroke as wide as the gap beside it.
Mongol Bichig Calligraphy & Ugalz OrnamentMongolia's classical script and the auspicious ornament that frames it on state, Buddhist and household objects.
Persian Miniature (Ilkhanid, Timurid and Safavid Book Painting)The court book painting of Iran and Timurid Herat, formed in Mongol Tabriz from Islamic, Byzantine and Chinese models: from Rashid al-Din's Jamiʿ al-tawarikh (1314) and the Great Mongol Shahnama to Behzad's Herat and the Shahnama of Shah Tahmasp, ending in the album pages of Safavid Isfahan.
Batik Pattern TraditionThe Javanese wax-resist textile tradition in which hot wax is drawn with a canting or stamped with a copper cap, then dyed in successive baths to build layered all-over patterns.
Adinkra & Kente Symbol SystemsThe Akan textile languages of Ghana.
Diné (Navajo) Weaving DesignThe tapestry-woven design tradition of Diné (Navajo) weavers, recorded in Spanish sources from the early 18th century.
Pacific Barkcloth (Tapa) DesignBarkcloth beaten from paper-mulberry inner bark and decorated across Polynesia and Fiji for gift exchange at weddings, funerals and chiefly investitures.
- Glasgow StyleGlasgow's distinctive answer to Art Nouveau, formed around Charles Rennie Mackintosh, Margaret and Frances Macdonald and Herbert MacNair at the Glasgow School of Art.
Nieuwe Kunst (Dutch Art Nouveau)The Dutch branch of Art Nouveau, seen mostly in book covers, vignettes and posters.
- Bezalel SchoolThe house style of the Bezalel School of Arts and Crafts, opened in Jerusalem by Boris Schatz in 1906 with E.
Art DecoThe glamorous modern style named after the 1925 Paris Exposition des Arts Décoratifs, which disciplined ornament into geometry: sunbursts, chevrons, stepped forms and sleek stylised figures rendered in lacquer-smooth colour with metallic accents.
- Arnhem Land Bark Painting & RarrkPainting in ochres on flattened stringybark by Yolŋu, Kunwinjku, Kuninjku and other clans of Arnhem Land, carrying ceremonial designs into portable form; collected from 1912, painted through art centres since the 1970s.
Wendingen & Amsterdam School TypographyThe graphic language of Wendingen (1918–1932), monthly of the Amsterdam architects' society Architectura et Amicitia, and its editor H.
- Ndebele Geometric PaintingThe mural tradition of Southern Ndebele women, who paint homestead walls and gateways, and later canvases and objects, with bold, symmetrical geometric designs.
- Pakistani Truck ArtThe total decoration of Pakistan's trucks and buses, which grew from company marks and saints' portraits painted in the late 1940s into a workshop art in which painters, metalworkers, woodcarvers and reflective-tape specialists collaborate on each vehicle.
- Casablanca School Graphic ModernismA postcolonial modernism formed at the Casablanca fine-art school under Farid Belkahia, where Mohamed Melehi, Mohammed Chabâa and colleagues set Amazigh rugs and jewellery, painted ceilings and calligraphy beside a Bauhaus-style merging of art, craft and design.
Afrofuturist DesignA visual language of Black futures that fuses African and diasporic iconography (pyramids and ankhs, Adinkra and Nsibidi glyphs, textile patterning) with spacecraft, cosmic fields and technology.
Memphis DesignThe Milan collective founded by Ettore Sottsass, whose furniture, laminates and objects (first shown in September 1981) became a graphic language of their own.
Styles that use it now and then 25
An occasional choice in these styles.
- Amazigh Sign System & Tifinaghc. 0–present
- Chinese Paper-Cut (Jianzhi)c. 500–present
- Maghrebi Script (Maghribi Calligraphy of al-Andalus and North Africa)c. 900–present
- Kamon (Japanese Family Crests)c. 1100–present
- European Heraldryc. 1140–present
- Mithila (Madhubani) Paintingc. 1350–present
- Renaissance Book Typographyc. 1460–1600
- Javanese Wayang Kulit (Tatah Sungging)1500–present
- Rinpa & Saga-bon1600–present
- Cuban Tobacco Lithography (Habilitaciones & Marquillas)1845–present
- Fante Asafo Flags (Frankaa)1850–present
- Japonisme1860–1910
- Norwegian and Finnish National Romantic Graphics (Munthe & Karelianism)1880–1922
- Kanga (Swahili Message Cloth)1886–present
- Bògòlanfini Mud Cloth1900–present
- Guna Mola1900–present
- Shanghai Modern & Yuefenpai1910–1949
- Tiki Pop (Polynesian Pop)1934–present
- Bengali Modernist Book Cover (Prachchhad)1943–present
- Hurufiyya Calligraphic Modernism1949–present
- Taiwan Floral Cloth (Huabu)1950–present
- Cairo–Beirut Arab Modernist Book & Periodical Design1952–1990
- Greek Tourism Modernism (EOT)1960–1974
- Op Art Graphics1960–1975
- Pardhan Gond Painting (Jangarh Kalam)1981–present
It often goes with
Choices that the styles making it make more often than the atlas as a whole.
- Pattern & repeatin 38 of 52
- Abundant decorationin 35 of 52
- Textile & craftin 31 of 52
- Folk & sacred symbolsin 38 of 52
- Angular & zigzagin 30 of 52
- Borders & framesin 37 of 52
Styles that avoid it
Styles that deliberately leave it out.