Layout & composition · Grid systems
Classical text block
A single centred or justified block descended from book typography.
A design choice in Stylogeny’s vocabulary, under layout & composition: how is the picture plane organised?
- styles make it
- 33
- as a defining choice
- 10
- as a usual one
- 11
- now and then
- 12
- avoid it
- 13
Styles defined by it 10
For these styles it is one of the choices that make the style.
- Maghrebi Script (Maghribi Calligraphy of al-Andalus and North Africa)The family of Arabic scripts of al-Andalus and North Africa, descended from early Kufic bookhands.
Song–Ming Woodblock Book Typography (Songti / Mincho)The page and letter of the East Asian book.
Gothic Blackletter & Fraktur TraditionThe broken scripts of the Latin West.
- Tibetan Woodblock Print Culture (Pecha & Prayer Flags)Tibetan Buddhist and Bön woodblock printing, from the first printed Kangyur (1410, cut in China) and the 15th-century presses of Gungthang to the great printing houses of Narthang, Derge and Lhasa.
Renaissance Book TypographyThe printed book as shaped by humanist Italy and France: roman and italic types modelled on humanist handwriting, a single justified text block set in harmonious proportions within generous margins, and woodcut initials, borders and printer's devices as the only ornament.
Neoclassical Book TypographyThe Enlightenment book stripped of Renaissance woodcut decoration.
Bulaq (Amiriyya) Naskh Book PrintingThe page of the Arabic printed book as Egypt's state press at Bulaq shaped it from 1822: justified blocks of black Naskh type on pale paper, often boxed in a ruled frame, with an ornamental headpiece on the opening page, headings set larger or in a second script such as Nastaʿlīq, and almost no pictures.
Nirnaya Sagar Devanagari Typography (Bombay Metal Type)Devanagari as Javaji Dadaji's Bombay type foundry (1864) and Nirnaya Sagar Press (1869) cut and printed it: upright metal type with a strong headline, cut with the punch-cutter Ranoji Aru, and enough conjunct and 'Akhand' sorts to set Sanskrit, Vedic accents and Marathi whole.
- German Book Art Movement (Buchkunstbewegung)The German reform of the book, from the magazine Pan (1895) to the private presses that ended around 1933.
- Madinah Mushaf (King Fahd Complex Qur'an Page)One fixed page for the Qur'an across much of the Muslim world: Uthman Taha's fully vowelled Naskh in fifteen justified lines, written so that every page ends at the end of a verse (the late Ottoman âyet-berkenar layout), inside a floral frame, with sura titles in framed cartouches and verse numbers in small round medallions.
Styles that often use it 11
A characteristic choice: usual in these styles, though not essential.
Vyaz (Ornamental Slavonic Lettering)Cyrillic letters bound into one even band of ornament.
- Ottoman Tughra & Dîvânî Chancery CalligraphyThe Ottoman sultan's calligraphic monogram and the chancery hand written beneath it.
Emblem Book (Motto, Picture & Epigram)A European book genre in which, from Chrestien Wechel's Paris edition of 1534 on, every page or opening repeats one fixed unit: a short motto, an allegorical picture and an explanatory verse, which only together yield a moral, amorous or religious meaning.
Arts & Crafts MovementA British-led reform movement that answered industrial shoddiness with honest handcraft, medieval models and the ideal of joy in labour.
- Norwegian and Finnish National Romantic Graphics (Munthe & Karelianism)The flat, decorative branch of Norway's and Finland's national romanticism, which turned Viking carving, the sagas, the Kalevala and old peasant weaving into modern ornament.
Mir iskusstva Book ArtThe graphic idiom of the St Petersburg World of Art circle (journal 1898–1904, exhibitions until Paris 1927) and the book artists around it.
Literatura de Cordel WoodcutThe cover art of Brazil's literatura de cordel, pocket chapbooks of verse whose single picture is a small woodcut cut in soft umburana wood and printed in black above a plain letterpress title.
- Onitsha Market PamphletsCheap, stapled pamphlets of romance, advice, drama and political biography, written by students, clerks, journalists and traders and printed by jobbing letterpress shops around Onitsha Main Market in eastern Nigeria from the late 1940s.
Slow-Living Editorial (the Kinfolk Look)The look of Kinfolk, the slow-living quarterly founded in Portland in 2011 and run from Copenhagen since 2015, and of the indie lifestyle titles and Instagram feeds that copied it.
Brutalist Web DesignA reaction against templated, conversion-optimised web design that exposes the raw materials of the browser: default system fonts, blue underlined links, visible borders, unstyled forms and plain document flow.
Post-Binary Typography (Bye Bye Binary and Inclusive French Type)A Franco-Belgian type practice that redesigns written French for gender inclusion inside the word.
Styles that use it now and then 12
An occasional choice in these styles.
- Ethiopian Ge'ez Manuscript & Haräg Illuminationc. 500–present
- Imagerie d'Épinal & European Bilderbogen1796–1939
- Urdu Katib Lithography1837–present
- Celtic Revival Illumination & Lettering1861–1951
- Santiniketan & Bengal School Graphics1905–1954
- Wendingen & Amsterdam School Typography1918–1932
- Brazilian Modernismo Graphics (Klaxon and the Semana de 22)1922–1929
- Lianhuanhua Picture-Story Books1925–1990
- Machine-Age Simplified Arabic Type1947–present
- Minimalist Graphic Design1965–present
- Contemporary Chinese Book Design ('Most Beautiful Books of China')2003–present
- Modern Calligraphy and Brush Lettering2005–present
It often goes with
Choices that the styles making it make more often than the atlas as a whole.
- Paper & letterpress bitein 28 of 33
- Letterpressin 20 of 33
- Monochromein 29 of 33
- Authoritative & institutionalin 23 of 33
- Borders & framesin 25 of 33
- Brush & pen calligraphyin 19 of 33
Styles that avoid it
Styles that deliberately leave it out.
- Italian Futurism1909–1944
- Dada1916–1924
- Czech Poetist Book Design (Devětsil)1922–1938
- Die Neue Typographie1923–1940
- Psychedelic Poster1965–1973
- Swiss Punk / New Wave Typography1968–1990
- Graffiti & Hip-Hop Graphics1972–present
- Dutch Expressive Postmodernism (Studio Dumbar & Hard Werken)1977–1994
- Cranbrook & Deconstructivist Typography1980–1998
- Grunge Typography1990–2000
- Lucerne Poster Scene (Neubad & Südpol Posters)2007–present
- Acid Graphics / New Ugly2016–present
- Kinetic Typography & Variable Type2016–present