Style combination · Contrasts
Mexican Calendar Chromo × Taller de Gráfica Popular
Both grew out of post-revolutionary Mexico and picture its history, but the TGP cut black-and-white linocuts and woodcuts with bold headlines for popular and anti-fascist struggles, while the calendar painters made saturated oils of an idealised Mexico to sell beer and cigarettes.
Mix them and make something Mexican Calendar Chromo Taller de Gráfica Popular
01
What each style brings
Each part of the design comes from the style with the stronger say in it, and each style gives at least two.
Mexican Calendar Chromo (Cromos calendáricos) Taller de Gráfica Popular
- Type from Taller de Gráfica Popular
- Colour from Mexican Calendar Chromo
-
Taller de Gráfica Popular avoids gradients: this is where the two pull against each other, which is the point of the contrast.
- Form from Mexican Calendar Chromo
- Composition from Mexican Calendar Chromo
- Surface from Taller de Gráfica Popular
02
The type
Open fonts standing in for each style’s own type, which is often hand-drawn or commercial.
Display · Taller de Gráfica Popular
Fiesta
Inter Tight, standing in for Letterpress grotesque and slab-serif captions
Text · Mexican Calendar Chromo
Mexico's give-away advertising calendars, at their height from the 1930s to the late 1960s. Printers led by Galas de México kept studios of painters, among them Jesús Helguera, Eduardo Cataño, Jorge González Camarena and Josep Renau, whose large oil paintings were printed by offset above a sponsor's name and a small calendar pad. In an idealising academic realism touched by Hollywood glamour they staged Aztec legends as melodrama, charros and chinas poblanas, saints, film stars and pin-ups, and hung all year in homes, shops and workshops.
Archivo; Mexican Calendar Chromo used The sponsor's name and address overprinted in the band left blank below the picture and Brand logotypes painted into the picture or carried on the product
03
The colours
The ground and leading colours come from Mexican Calendar Chromo, with a counter-accent from Taller de Gráfica Popular. The ink reads on the ground at 4.5:1 or more.
Mexican Calendar Chromo (Cromos calendáricos) Taller de Gráfica Popular
-
#f0c4a8ground · 39% -
#1f4e8cink · 15% -
#c8372daccent · 20% -
#a8693faccent · 15% -
#3d8b4faccent · 11%
As CSS
:root {
--ground: #f0c4a8;
--ink: #1f4e8c;
--accent-1: #c8372d;
--accent-2: #a8693f;
--accent-3: #3d8b4f;
--font-display: "Inter Tight", sans-serif;
--font-text: "Archivo", sans-serif;
}Use it with care
Mexican Calendar Chromo (Cromos calendáricos): The Aztec scenes are a nationalist fantasy of the pre-Hispanic past painted by academically trained artists, several of them born or raised in Spain, not Indigenous art: do not present them as Nahua or Mexica tradition or copy their feathered costumes as if they were ethnography. The saints and the Virgin of Guadalupe are devotional images that many owners pray before, so do not parody them, and the pin-ups were painted, as a UNAM study of the Galas archive puts it, to satisfy male longing and promote the sponsors' brands, carrying old and new stereotypes of women. The paintings are still in copyright (Helguera died in 1971) and Grupo Carso holds the rights to the Galas archive, while Alta reported in 2023 that Calendarios Landin owns the rights to Helguera, so paint new pictures in the manner rather than retouching old chromos.
04
The two styles
05
More combinations
With Mexican Calendar Chromo
- Shanghai Modern & Yuefenpai Contrasts · Both are tobacco-sponsored calendar pictures of beauties, but yuefenpai set softly rubbed watercolour women inside decorative borders with the products alongside, while the Mexican chromo is an oil painting of a whole scene that fills the sheet, with the pad pasted at its foot.
- Egyptian Painted Film Poster Contrasts · Both paint the stars of a national cinema's golden age, but the Egyptian poster collages star heads under huge calligraphic titles, while the chromo paints one unified scene and keeps its lettering to a small band below.
- Socialist Realist Propaganda Poster Contrasts · Both idealise the nation in heroic academic realism, but the Socialist Realist poster adds slogans and marching crowds to mobilise, while the chromo sells beer and cigarettes with romance and nostalgia; borrow its heroic anatomy for a national-history scene and leave the slogan out.
- Mexican Popular Graphics (Posada) Contrasts · Posada's broadsheets are black relief cuts under shouting type, sold for news and satire; the chromo is a full-colour oil painting given away to be admired all year, with the type kept small and out of the picture.
- Lotería Card Imagery (Mexican Lotería) Contrasts · Both are popular Mexican colour prints for everyday use, but the lotería sets one flat, outlined emblem figure per numbered card in a ruled frame, named in capitals at the foot, for a game, while the chromo paints one modelled scene in deep landscape to hang for a year.
- Hand-Painted Signage & Vernacular Lettering Pairs well · Grocery stores, poultry shops and workshops gave the calendars to their customers; pair a painted rótulo for the shop's name with a chromo-style painting for the look of a mid-century Mexican neighbourhood business.
- Indian Calendar & Bazaar Art Contrasts · Both are give-away calendars that reproduce commissioned paintings above a sponsor's name, but Indian bazaar art centres a frontal deity in haloes, gold and ornamental frames for worship, while the Mexican chromo stages a secular scene in deep landscape (a legend, a charro, a film star, a pin-up) with no frame around it; its saints are one genre among many.
- Chicano Screenprint Poster Contrasts · Many Chicanos grew up with these give-away calendars hanging at home, and Chicano workshops took up the calendar as a fundraising print (Méchicano Art Center's 1977 Calendario), but, in Terezita Romo's words, revised its single image format, offset medium and commercial objective: screenprinted flat colour and political and cultural messages in place of a brand's modelled oil scene.
With Taller de Gráfica Popular
- Punk & DIY Zine Pairs well · Both favour cheap, direct, monochrome reproduction; a linocut figure with photocopied type gives protest graphics hand-made urgency.
- Cuban Revolutionary Poster (OSPAAAL & ICAIC) Pairs well · Combine TGP's black linocut figures with Cuban flat colour for politically engaged posters with a hand-made Latin American lineage.
- Art Deco Contrasts · Glossy Deco glamour versus gouged, populist black and white: use the contrast to separate luxury from solidarity.
- Chinese Modern Woodcut Movement Pairs well · China's 1930s–40s woodcut movement ran in parallel with the TGP; combine the two black-line traditions for prints about labour and resistance across continents.
- Minjung Woodcut Graphics (Korean People's Art) Contrasts · Nearest in the atlas, and the closest Mexican print lineage to the Mexican Muralism that MMCA names as a source: both cut black-line people's prints for movements, but TGP sets condensed Latin capitals and lithographs, while Minjung prints carry short Hangul slogans and dancing, ritual-derived figures, and are scaled up to geolgae banners.
- Brazilian Concrete Design Contrasts · Mexico's figurative, militant linocuts are Latin America's other modernism; contrast them to choose between abstraction and narrative.
- Vicente Rojo & Mexican Editorial Modernism Pairs well · Rojo set Leopoldo Méndez's engravings in the Revista de la Universidad de México (no. 3, 1971); a black linocut framed by fine rules on a white page joins Mexico City's militant print culture to its editorial modernism.
- Mexican Popular Graphics (Posada) Pairs well · The TGP took Posada as its ancestor; combine his calavera satire with linocut political posters for socially engaged print.